明末西班牙人占据台湾鸡笼、淡水时期与大陆的贸易

The Trade between Chinese Mainland and the Cities of San Salvador,Santo Domingo Occupied by Spanish in the Late Ming Dynasty

1626年,西班牙殖民者继荷兰人之后,侵占中国台湾北部的鸡笼和淡水作为殖民地。让西班牙人感到困惑的是,虽然这两个港口离福建主要贸易港口很近,但福建商人到本港贸易的数量极少,让西班牙人无法维持港口的经营。笔者根据何乔远《镜山全集》所载相关史料,分析明末福建商人不去鸡笼、淡水贸易的原因在于:台湾海峡的海盗活动、荷兰殖民者的干扰、福建官府对贸易的限制、闽南商人经商意愿在于台湾南部以及日本锁国政策对西班牙商人的拒绝导致淡水中转港地位的下降等。

The Spanish colonists invaded Taiwan after the Dutch. They occupied San Salvador and Santo Domingo and these two cities became their colonies. However, the Spanish were eonfi^sed by the phenomenon that although these two harbonrs are near the main harbour of Fujian, the Fujian merchants seldom traded there, which made a loss for Spain. According to the ＂Jingshan collected edition＂written by He Qiaoyuan, the author points out the reason why Fujian merchants didn＇t choose to trade in these two cities. Those things like the activities of pirate in the Taiwan Straits, the disturbance by the Dutch colonists, the restrictions to trade, the Fujian merchants＇ liability to trade in southern rather than northern and the close policy by Japan aiming at Spain made status of Santo Domingo as a transfer harbour go down.