童亭煤族组分的溶剂萃取及萃取物分析

Analysis of extracts from solvent extraction of group components to Tongting coal

采用正己烷、甲醇、丙酮和氯仿4种溶剂对童亭煤经CS2/NMP混合溶剂萃取和反萃取所分离的3个族组分(沥青质组分、精煤和萃余煤组分)进行索氏分级分次萃取,以FTIR和GC为分析测试手段,研究各组分萃取物的结构特征和其中小分子的赋存规律。结果表明:各族组分在不同溶剂中溶解能力差异显著,沥青质组分在正己烷中有很高的萃取率,而精煤则在丙酮中有大量物质被溶出,萃余煤在氯仿中表现出较高的可溶性;各族组分可溶物在溶出行为和组成结构上既有相似性又存在一定的差别;各族组分可溶物中均有小分子化合物存在,且这些GC可检测的小分子主要集中于一定的保留时间区域内;不同族组分中的小分子的赋存形态具有相似性,且这种赋存形态是影响小分子溶出行为的决定性因素。

The Soxhelt extraction was carried on in succession with four solvents （ n-hexane, methanol, acetone and chloroform） to the three group components （asphahene component, ultra-pure coal and residues） which came from the Tongting coal extracted and anti-extracted by the CS2/NMP mixed solvent. The extracts were analyzed with FT- IR and GC to investigate the characteristic of structure and existing rule of small molecules. The results show that the solvent ability resprents significant difference among various group components in different solvent, the asphaltene component shows high extraction yield in n-hexane, while the ultra-pure coal appears easy to dissolve in acetone and the residues presents in chloroform. The soluble components of various components have shows similarity besides difference in dissolve behavior and compositions; The small molecule components measured with GC exist in each group component, and the chromatographic peaks tend to converge in definite region of retention time; the existing form of small molecule compounds present comparability, and such existing form is the decisive factor effecting the dissolution behavior of small molecules.