自我同一性研究的新模型——双环模型

Self Identity's New Model:Dual-Cycle Model

自Erikson提出自我同一性的概念以来,它一直是发展心理学的重要课题,这方面的实证研究主要基于Marcia提出的同一性状态模型。随后的研究者Luyckx等人不断整合和改进状态模型,并结合自我关注领域对反思型自我关注和沉浸型自我关注的区分,提出了双环模型的理论。双环模型理论认为,广度探索、深度探索、沉浸探索、做出承诺和认同承诺五个维度构成了自我同一性形成和发展的两个环——"承诺形成环"和"承诺评价环",两个环之间不断地发生着动态的交互作用,其结果造成了自我同一性形成和发展的6种状态:达成,早闭,沉浸延缓,轻松混淆,扩散混淆和未分化。

Self identity has been a crucial phenomenon in the study field of developmental psychology since Erikson first proposed the concept.Empirical study concerning self identity has been largely based on Marcia＇s identity status model.Further researchers like Luyckx try to integrate identity status model with its criticism and modification,thus propose the theory of self identity＇s dual-cycle model.According to dual-cycle model,self identity is a construct comprised of five dimensions：exploration in breadth,exploration in depth,ruminative exploration,commitment making and identification with commitment.The dimensions constitute two cycles：＂commitment-formation cycle＂ and ＂commitment-evaluation cycle＂,and the dynamic interaction of the two cycles prompts the process of identity formation and development,thus results in six identity statuses：identity achievement,identity foreclosure,ruminative moratorium,carefree diffusion,diffused diffusion and undifferentiated.