双文化个体的文化框架转换：影响因素与结果

Cultural Frame Switching Amongst Biculturals:Its Influencing Factors and Outcomes

文化与跨文化心理学的研究兴趣已经从关注文化差异转移到文化与心理如何相互影响。基于动态建构主义取向的文化框架转换(cultural frame switch,CFS)模型认为:个体完全可以同时拥有两种及其以上的文化构念网络,它们具有动态性,受情境线索所驱动,个体可以在不同文化之间根据情境需要进行文化框架的转换。CFS受到个体的种族内隐观和双文化认同整合的影响;CFS所积累的多元文化经验可以提高创造性和认知复杂性,也可能产生文化刻板化,导致对外来文化的排斥。未来研究可以探讨CFS的适用范围,进一步细化研究,考察主流群体成员的CFS,重视整合视角的研究,运用多元研究方法。借鉴该领域的研究思路对于考察我国的少数民族等多元文化个体的文化认同和文化适应具有重要启示。

Cultural and cross-cultural psychology has moved from documenting cultural differences towards exploring the interaction of culture and psyche.Based on a dynamic constructivist approach,Hong and her colleagues proposed a model of cultural frame switching （CFS） which assumes bicultural individuals could navigate between their ethnic and host cultures.CFS is affected by lay theory of race and bicultural identity integration （BII）.Multicultural experience,which is accumulated by CFS,can enhance an individual＇s creativity and cognitive complexity,and may lead to cultural stereotyping and cultural exclusion.Future studies should pay much attention to the applicability of CFS for majority groups.The implications of CFS model to investigating the multicultural identities and their conflict of ethnic minorities in China are discussed.