多案例与单案例研究的差异与进路安排——理论探讨与实例分析

The Differences between Single Case Study and Multiple Cases Study and Its Research Approach Arrangement——Theoretical Discussion and Case Study

多案例研究的性质是重复的"准实验"。单案例研究与多案例研究存在细微差异,其中最为重要的差异是理论"一阶抽象"是否具有收敛性。结论更为可靠、准确,更容易导向定量分析,更有助于增加理解的多样性是多案例研究的明显优势;但开展多案例研究也存在明显的困难与挑战。研究实例分析表明:在多案例研究中可以尝试从"一阶抽象"到"二阶抽象"的研究进路安排。在案例研究中,想象力与技术安排存在张力,应警惕技术安排对想象力的束缚,在"技术自觉"的基础上追求"理论自觉"。

The nature of multiple cases study is repeat-quasi-experiment.There is a slight difference between single case study and multiple cases study,and the most important difference between the two approaches is the convergence of the ＂first-order-Abstract.＂ The obvious advantages of multiple cases study are its conclusions are more reliable,accurate than single case study.It is more easily lead to quantitative analysis,more easily to increase diversity of interpretation than single case study.But there are obvious difficulties and challenges to carry out a multiple cases study.A case study analysis shows that：in multiple cases study,you are able to try the research approach arrangement,from ＂first-order-Abstract＂ to ＂second-order-Abstract.＂ In the case studying,there is a tension between the imagination and technical arrangements.We should maintain vigilance on technical arrangements,which would restrain our imaginations,and we should pursue the ＂consciousness of theory＂ on the basis of ＂consciousness of technique＂.