福州市区老年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征流行病学调查

Epidemiologic study of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in adults aged over 60 years in Fuzhou city

目的了解福州市区老年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea—hypopneasyndrome，OSAHS）患病率及危险因素情况。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法对福州市5个市区≥60岁及常住居民904名进行入户调查；抽取打鼾≥3级115名及2级22名，进行整夜多导睡眠呼吸监测，推算人群OSAHS的患病率；并对OSAHS发生进行相关危险因素进行分析。结果在904名老年人中，习惯性打鼾227名，鼾症发生率25．1％，以睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数≥5次／h加Epworth嗜睡量表评分≥9分为标准，推算老年人OSAHS患病率为10．3％；多元逐步回归分析发现，上气道异常、嗜睡、吸烟、肥胖、高龄、有打鼾家族史是OSAHS发生的危险因素。结论福州市区老年人鼾症、OSAHS发生率高，应根据其流行特点制定相应防治策略，使其患病率及危害降到最低。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） in adults aged over 60 years in Fuzhou city. Methods A total of 904 subjects aged over 60 years were derived from a cluster random sampling of the population in five districts of Fuzhou city. They were asked to answer the questions from questionnaire. According to the degree of snoring, there were 115 subjects with snoring score≥3 degree, and 22 subjects with snoring score of 2 degree. They were selected to undergo polysomnography for a whole night, so that the prevalence of the disease was estimated and risk factors for OSAHS were analyzed. Results Of 904 subjects, 227 （25. 11%） subjects had habitual snoring. The estimated prevalence of OSAHS defined by apnea-hypopnea index （AHI） ≥5 and Epworth sleepiness scale （ESS） ≥9 was 10.3%. The multivariate analysis revealed that abnormality of the upper airway, sleepiness, smoking, obesity, eld and family snoring were significant risk factors for OSAHS. Conclusions The estimated prevalence of snoring and OSAHS in adults aged over 60 years in Fuzhou city was high. Strategies for prevention and cure should be instituted according to the prevalence feature of OSAHS in Fuzhou city to cut down its prevalence and harms.