猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗的制备及免疫试验

Preparation and Immune Effect of Inactivated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine

目的利用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)安徽分离株制备油乳剂灭活疫苗,并进行免疫试验。方法PRRSV经Marc-145细胞传代增殖,制备油乳剂灭活疫苗;物理性状、无菌试验及安全性试验合格后,经肌肉注射免疫健康仔猪,并进行攻毒;分别检测免疫仔猪的血清抗体水平及保护力,并进行免疫程序及与市售疫苗的免疫效果的比较试验。结果制备的灭活疫苗的适宜免疫剂量为2ml/头,免疫后14d血清抗体水平可达高峰;使用同一病毒攻毒,保护率为80%(4/5)。采用灭活疫苗2次免疫及灭活疫苗与弱毒疫苗交替2次免疫,免疫效果均较好。制备的灭活疫苗免疫效果与1号市售灭活疫苗相比,差异无统计学意义,且优于2号市售灭活疫苗。结论已成功制备了PRRSV安徽分离株油乳剂灭活疫苗,该疫苗安全可靠,免疫效果好,适于推广使用。

Objective To prepare an inactivated oil emulsion vaccine with a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）Anhui strain. Methods PRRSV was subcultured and proliferated in Marc-145 cells, and prepared into inactivated oil emulsion vaccine which was subjected to examination on physical property as well as sterility and safety tests. The qualified vaccine was used for immunization of healthy piglets by intramuscular injection, and the serum antibody level and protection were determined. The immune effects of vaccine by various schedules, as well as those of the prepared vaccine and commercial inactivated vaccines, were compared. Results The optimal dosage of prepared vaccine for each piglet was 2 ml. The serum antibody level of immunized piglets reached a peak value 14 d after immunization. The protective rate of the prepared vaccine against challenge with the same virus strain was 80%（4 / 5）. Both immunizations with two doses of inactivated vaccine and with one dose of inactivated vaccine and one dose of live attenuated vaccine showed good immune effects. The immune effect of prepared inactivated vaccine showed no significant difference with that of commercial inactivated vaccine No. 1, while superior to that of No. 2. Conclusion Inactivated PRRSV oil emulsion vaccine was successfully prepared, which was safe, effective, showed good immune effect and was worthy of popularization.