多频鼓室声导抗测试在婴幼儿中耳功能诊断中的应用

Multiple frequency tympanometry in the evaluation of middle ear function among infants

目的探讨不同频率探测音声导抗测试法及多频率扫描声导抗测试法对婴幼儿中耳功能的评价效率。方法 122例听力正常婴幼儿和141例听力异常婴幼儿,应用GSI Tympstar中耳分析仪,分别以226、678、1000Hz探测音及多频率扫描声导抗测试法检测中耳功能,比较分析其测试效果。结果比较听力正常组和异常组检测结果,各月龄组的678、1000Hz探测音鼓室导纳图图形特点均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但226Hz探测音鼓室导纳图在<6月龄婴儿的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);组间的共振频率差异在<6月龄婴儿虽无统计学意义(P>0.05),在>6月龄婴儿则有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 3种频率探测音声导抗测试法对>6月龄婴幼儿中耳功能诊断均较敏感,而678、1000Hz探测音对于<6月龄婴儿中耳功能的诊断较为准确。随月龄增长,婴幼儿中耳共振频率逐渐升高,有助于评价>6月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of acoustic immittance tests with various frequencies of probe tone and multiple frequency-sweeping tympanometry in the evaluation of middle ear function among infants based on a clinical trial. Methods By use of GSI Tympstar middle ear analyzer, tympanometries with probe tones at the frequencies of 226, 678 andl 000 Hz and the procedures of multiple frequency-sweeping were performed respectively to evaluate middle ear function among infants at the age of 0 to 3 years, including 122 infants （244 ears） in normal hearing group and 141 infants （210 ears） in abnormal hearing group for a comparative analysis on the testing results. Results As a result of comparative analysis on the outcomes of tests between normal hearing group and abnormal hearing one, there was statistic significance （P〈0.05） in the difference of tympanometrie patterns at various age groups of infants as measured by the probe tones at frequencies of 678 and 1 000 Hz respectively, while there was no statistic significance （P〈0.05） in that as measured by the probe tone at 226 Hz among these infants less than the age of 6 months. In the other hand, there was no significant differences in the resonant frequencies between the above two groups of infants aged less than 6 months （P〉0.05）, but it was statistically significant among the infants aged older than 6 months （P〈0.05）. Conclusions All the three frequencies of probe tone hold higher diagnostic efficacy to the middle ear function for infants aged older than 6 months, while the probe tones at frequencies 678 Hz and 1 000 Hz can be used to measure the middle ear function with higher efficacy among infants younger than six months. Moreover, there is a tendency for resonant frequency of the middle ear becoming higher with infants growing in their month-age. Therefore, this property may be helpful to the evaluation of middle ear function among infants aged older than 6 months.