bFGF对大鼠脊髓前角运动神经元的保护作用

Protective Effect of bFGF on Motoneuron Death of the Spinal Cord in Rat

利用大鼠坐骨神经钳夹损伤模型，观察了碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）对大鼠脊髓前角运动神经元的保护作用。ＳＤ成年大鼠４０只，分成实验组和对照组，钳夹损伤大鼠坐骨神经。在实验组损伤侧受损的神经周围放入浸有ｂＦＧＦ的明胶海绵，对照组则用生理盐水浸泡海绵置于受损神经处。以大鼠右侧坐骨神经为正常自身空白对照。术后隔日一次向损伤侧腓肠肌肌注ｂＦＧＦ，对照组注射等量生理盐水。术后２、３、４、５周分别对每只大鼠进行心脏灌注固定，切取脊髓腰４～６节段，恒冷箱冷冻切片，Ｎｉｓｌ染色，观察脊髓前角运动元的形态，计算其数目，将损伤侧与正常侧比较，将ｂＦＧＦ治疗组与非治疗组作比较，统计学处理。结果：术后３、４、５周治疗组的损伤侧脊髓前角运动神经元存活率均大于对照组，且统计差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明ｂＦＧＦ对坐骨神经钳夹损伤所导致的脊髓前角运动神经元胞体死亡有保护作用，也许可能成为运动神经元新的神经营养因子。

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFCF) on motoneuron death in rat by crushing the sciatic nerve. Forty adults Sprage Dewley rats were used in the experiment. Animals were divided into two, three, four and five week's groups. Every goup was subdivided randomly into bFGF treated and control group. Each group was 5 in number. The left side sciatic nerve of the treated group was crushed with a small forceps. Implantation of gelfoam (2 cm×2 cm×1 cm) presoaked in bFGF (9 900 U/mL) at the injury site. The right side sciatic nerve was not injured, and was used as normal control. In the sham control rats, normal saline was used instead of bFGF in equal quantity at the same time. After two, three, four and five weeks of the operation, five rats in each group were perfused intracardially with fixative, the spinal cord (L4-L6) of every rat was picked and was prepared by section (25 μm) and was stained histologically. The amount of motoneurons and their survival rate in the anterior horn of the spinal cord (L4-L6) were counted. Results:in the bFGF treated group, the survival rate of the motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was larger than that of the control group, the statistics of 3,4,5 week's group were significant ( P <0.05). The conclusion was as following:bFGF protected the motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord from cell death. It may be a new motoneuron neurotrophic factor.