广州高校150名老年教师神经系统检查报告

Neurological Examination of Aged Teachers in Universities and Colleges in Guangzhou City——A 150 Cases Report

在广州高校正常体检同时，对前来检查的６０岁以上教职员工进行全面神经系统检查。其中教师１５０名，无神经系疾病及病史者占１３９名。１３９名中男性１２３名，女性１６名。年龄为６０～８６岁。正副教授占１２５名，余为讲师。神经系有异常体征人数：颅神经异常４６名（３３１％），双眼聚合反射迟钝最常见，依次为嗅觉减低、咽反射迟钝。感觉改变以下肢音义觉减低；但运动系统以共济活动障碍较多；深、浅反射改变以双腹壁反射减低或消失，但均不如颅神经改变多。掌颏反射阳性１０４名（７４８％）；伸肌组病理反射阳性６名（４３％），均为７０岁以上，其中３名有多项神经系改变体征。可疑有轻度锥体外系损害３３名（２３７％）。神经系改变有二项以上者２０名（１４４％），均为６５岁以上。有人具备十多项改变。有些项目比文献报导者高。本次新查出神经科疾患６名。原１５０名中已知有神经系统病１１人，共１７名，患病率为１１３％，比广州居民普查患者病率８８７％高，且集中于６５岁组以上者。

As a part of the regular physical examination of staffs over 60 years of age in universities and colleges in Guangzhou city, the neurological examination on 150 aged teachers was taken detailly. Out of them, 139 cases were without histories of neurological disease before. These group including 125 professors or assosiate professors and 14 lecturers, age range from 60 to 86 years old, males 123, females 16. The other 11 cases mere reported with neurological diseases previously. In the group of 139 cases, abnormal of cranial nerves was found in 46 cases (33 1%). Decrease of convergence reflex, dimination of smell sensation and decrease of pharyngeal reflex were much commonly. The dimination of vibration sense in both lower extremities was the most seen in sensory changes. The most changes of motor system were the disturbance of coodinated movememts. The plam-chin reflex was positive in 104 cases (74.8%). The pathological dorsal respones were elicited in 6 cases (4.3%), all of them in the groups over 70 year old and 3 of them were found with other abnormal neurological signs. The lesions of extrapyramidal system were showed in 33 cases (23.7%). In addittion, some persons possessed more than one or even more than ten abnormal findings. In the examination, 20 cases (14.4%) had over 2 item of abnormal neurological signs, all of them were found in the teachers with over 65 year old. Six cases of neurological diseases were newly found. Hence the number of patients in the 150 cases reached to 17 (11+6). The prevalence ration of neurological disease reached to 11.7% which was higher than the 8.87% in 1184 Cases (60～88ys) in the citizens of Guangzhou city, these cases were mainly found in the populations with over 65 year old. It suggested that neurological examination of aged teachers in universities and collgegs must the be noted, especially on the cases that over 65 year old.