重庆市住宅小区环境电磁辐射测量分析

Intensity of electromagnetic radiation in residential areas of Chongqing city

目的通过测量居住环境电磁辐射强度,了解居住环境电磁辐射的水平及特点。方法根据国家相关测量及评价标准,随机选择重庆市某主城区4个居住小区,分别测量各小区内建筑物外、建筑物内各个楼层及建筑物室内的电磁辐射强度。结果100 KHz^3 GHz频率范围内的平均电场强度及平均功率密度均未超过《环境电磁波卫生标准》的要求,但该频率段所测电场强度已接近卫生标准中一级标准的容许场强(<5 V/m);在5 Hz^1 KHz和1~100 KHz频率段,当人体同样处于站立状态时,其平均电场强度电器开启时要大于电器未开启时(P<0.05);在5 Hz^1 KHz频率段,当客厅内常用电器同样都开启时,其平均电场强度站姿时要大于坐姿时(P<0.01)。结论居室外环境中电磁波多为低强度、混合的射频波,而居室内环境中极低频(30~300 Hz)电磁波亦占有重要的地位,其对人体健康的影响不可忽视。

Objective To investigate the level and characteristics of electromagnetic radiation in urban residential environment.Methods According to national standard recommendations,we selected four residential districts.The electromagnetic radiations were measured at outdoor points,every floor in the selected buildings,and in living rooms.Results The average electric field intensity and power density of 100KHz-3GHz freguency electromagetic radiations did not exceed the limits of the national standard.But the electric field intensity of probe 7（100KHz-3GHz）was close to the first class limit of the national standard（5V/m）.There was no 5Hz-100KHz electromagetic radiation.In the same standing state,the mean values of electrical field strength of 5Hz-1KHz and 1KHz-100KHz with electronic appliance operation were higher than those without electronic appliance operation（P0.05）.And with electronic appliance operation,the mean value of electrical field intensity of 5Hz-1KHz in the standing state was higher than that of in the sitting state（P0.01）.Conclusion In urban residential environments,the main electromagnetic radiation is low intensity radio waves with mixed frequencies.The extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiations（30Hz-300Hz） at indoor environments might have some health impact.