浙江富阳地区松材线虫入侵对马尾松林群落植物多样性的影响

Impact of invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus on the diversity of pine vegetation community in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province

通过对浙江富阳36块不同马尾松混交比率及不同松材线虫危害程度林地的调查,定量分析了这些林分受不同程度的松材线虫入侵干扰后,其乔灌草三层植物多样性的变化规律。分析结果表明:松材线虫的入侵减小了不同林分比例的马尾松群落之间乔灌草三层多样性的差异;随着松材线虫危害程度的加重,不同树种组成松林的乔灌草三层多样性指数出现新的特点,即两极化→趋于一致→两极化。进一步分析表明:浙江富阳地区的群落类型处在常绿阔叶林前期向中期演替的过程中;并且随着这种复合干扰程度的不断增加,加快了松林从常绿阔叶林演替前期向中期发展的进程。

Based on the research in 36 different sites with different pinus massoniana mixed proportion and invasion extent of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province, the authors analyzed the change of community diversity of all forest types in arbor, shrub and herb layers after invaded by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The results showed that invasion of B. xylophilus tended to reduce the differences in diversity of arbor, shrub and herb layers in pinus massoniana community of different forest types. However, much heavier invasion of B. xylophilus resulted in a new feature in diversity indexes of all forest types, showing a trend of reciprocating between polarization and consistency. Furthermore, successional stages of community in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province were processing from early stage to middle stage of evergreen broadleaved forest; whilst the increase of composite disturbance accelerated such successional stages.