聋哑和普通中学生主观幸福感及其影响因素对比分析

The comparative analysis on subjective well-being and its influencing factors in deaf and dumb middle school students and general ones

目的探讨聋哑中学生和普通中学生主观幸福感的特点及影响因素,为聋哑中学生和普通中学生的心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用基本情况调查表,一般自我效能感量表(GSES),总体幸福感量表(GWB),特质应对方式量表(TCSQ),艾森克个性测验(EPQ),社会支持评定表(SSAS)和自尊量表(SES)对202名聋哑中学生和273名普通中学生进行测评。结果在普通中学生中,女生主观幸福感显著高于男生(P<0.05),家庭经济状况相对差的学生主观幸福感显著高于家庭经济状况好的学生(P<0.05);普通中学生和聋哑中学生的主观幸福感都与积极应对、总支持、客观支持、主观支持呈正相关(P<0.05),与消极应对呈负相关(P<0.05);聋哑中学生的主观幸福感、一般自我效能感、应对方式得分均显著低于普通中学生(P<0.05),自尊量表得分均显著高于普通中学生(P<0.05)。结论普通中学生和聋哑中学生的主观幸福感均与性别、经济状况有关;应对方式对主观幸福感有较好的预测作用。

Objective To explore the characteristics and the influencing factors of subjective well-being in deaf and dumb middle school students and general ones and to provide foundation of mental health education for them.Methods Two hundred and two deaf and dumb middle school students and two hundred and seventy-three general ones were evaluated with the basic questionnaire,GSES,GWB,TCSQ,EPQ,SSRS and SES.Results It was found that scores of subjective well-being of girls were higher than those of boys in general middle school students.Positive coping style,general support、objective support and subjective support positively correlated to deaf and dumb middle school students and general ones＇ subjective well-being（P0.05）,while negative coping style,negatively correlated to it（P0.05）.Score of SWB、GSES、TCSQ of deaf and dumb middle school students were significantly lower than those of general ones（P0.05）,while scores of SES of deaf and dumb middle school students were significantly higher than those of general ones（P0.05）.Conclusion The deaf and dumb middle school students and general ones＇ subjective well-being is related to gender and economic status.The coping style may have a good predicting role of the subjective well-being.