杭州地区局部人群高血压患病、认知及治疗情况调查分析

The analysis of prevalence,awareness,medication,control and prevention and cure strategy of hypertension patients in Hangzhou

目的探讨杭州地区人群高血压的患病率、知晓率、服药率和控制率及防治对策。方法随机抽取杭州城乡40岁以上居民共471人,进行健康体检并调查问卷。结果(1)城乡居民高血压总患病率46.44%,其中男性患病率44.51%,女性患病率47.65%,且患病率随着年龄的增加而增高;(2)城乡居民高血压的患病率分别为48.29%与43.85%,两者无显著性差异(P>0.05);(3)高血压知晓率为62.68%,服药率为52.15%,控制率为18.18%;男性知晓率与女性无显著差异(P>0.05),服药率和控制率低于女性(均P<0.05);农村的知晓率和服药率与城区无显著差异(均P>0.05),控制率低于城区(P<0.05)。结论和较高的高血压患病率比较,高血压知晓率、服药率、控制率偏低。采取以社区为基础,制订完善的综合干预措施,持续开展全民健康教育、生活方式干预和药物治疗干预三位一体的健康促进活动,降低高血压发病率,提高知晓率、服药率与控制率。

Objective To explore and analyze the prevalence,awareness,medication,and prevention and cure strategy of hypertension patients in Hangzhou.Methods 471 Hangzhou urban and rural residents,more than 40 years old,were randomly selected to accept the health examination and complete a questionnaire.Results（1）The total hypertension prevalence rate was 46.44%,of which male prevalence rate was 44.51% and female one was 47.65%.The prevalence rate was increased with age;（2）There was no significant difference between urban and rural prevalence（48.29% and 43.85%,respectively）;（3）The rates of awareness,medication and control of hypertension were 62.68%,52.15% and 18.18%,respectively.The difference of awareness rates between male and female patients was insignificant（χ2=0.94,P0.05）,and the differences of medication rates and control rates between male and female patients were statistically significant（χ2 =4.22 and 4.98,P0.05）.The differences of awareness rates and medication rates between rural and urban patients were insignificant（χ2=3.51 and 1.14,P0.05）,and the difference of control rates between rural and urban patients was statistically significant（χ2=4.71,P0.05）.Conclusion Compared with a high prevalence rate of hypertension,the rates of awareness,control and medication are lower.Community-based,developed comprehensive intervention measures and three-in-one health promotion strategies（the civil healthy education,life style intervention and drug treatment intervention）are needed for raising the rates of awareness,control and medication of hypertension patients and reducing the prevalence rate.