华北地区农户对粮食政策的评价及生产粮食意愿分析

EVALUATION ON GRAIN POLICY AND WISHES FOR GRAIN PRODUCTION BY FARMER HOUSEHOLDS AT NORTH CHINA REGION

该文在问卷调查的基础上,分析了我国华北地区粮食主产区农户对国家粮食政策的评价和生产粮食的意愿及原因等问题。结果表明,农户对国家"两减免,三补贴"政策的落实情况比较满意,从事粮食生产的农户获得国家粮食政策优惠最多的是"直接补贴";农户对国家粮食政策期望按照重要性排序是:"提高最低收购价">"加大粮食直补">"加大农田基础设施建设">"加大科技投入与推广"。农户种植粮食作物的主要原因是"保证口粮、有粮吃";愿意多种粮食的农户占56.5%,还有32.2%的农户不愿意多种粮食。农户愿意多种粮食的原因主要是当前的粮食及农业政策不错,其次是多种粮食能够增加农户经济收入;农户不愿意多种粮食主要是缘于成本效益较低、增产幅度小以及农户基本口粮足够。

On the basis of questionnaire and investigation,this paper analyzes evaluation on national grain policy, wishes for grain production and the causes etc. issues by the farmer households from the major production areas for grain production at North China region. The result indicates that the farmer households are fairly satisfied about the implementation of national＂2 mitigates and 3 subsidies＂policy. The farmer households engaged in grain production gain favorable profits mostly from the＂direct subsidy＂. The importance order of farmer households’expectation to national grain policy lies as following： ＂to bring up the lowest purchasing price＂,＂to increase direct subsidy for grainy＂,＂to strengthen construction for farmland infrastructure＂,＂to increase investment for science,technology and extension＂. The main reason for farmer households to plant grain crops is＂to ensure daily food＂. The proportion of farmer households that willing to grow more grain is 56. 5% . The reasons are the grain and agriculture policies are quite good and planting more grain can increase economic income for the farmer household. There are 32. 2% farmer households are unwilling to grow grain. The reasons are the low benefit out off the cost,the small range of yield increase and the sufficient grain ration of the farmer household.