淀粉基可降解性高吸水性树脂的制备

Preparation of Starch-based Degradable Superabsorbent Resin

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,通过水溶液聚合法制得了玉米淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂。红外光谱分析证实了聚合物的聚合成功。研究了共聚物的反应温度、单体的配比、引发剂种类与用量、交联剂用量对吸水率的影响。得到的最佳反应条件为:在40℃时,玉米淀粉与丙烯酰胺的质量比为1∶2;引发剂硝酸铈铵与乙二胺的用量与丙烯酰胺的摩尔比分别为1.10×10-1和2.18×10-3时,聚合物的吸水率为自身质量的716倍。对吸水性树脂进行了降解测试,在自然条件下不到一个月的时间自然分解。

By taking ammonium cerium nitric acid as the initiator,a superabsorbent resin was prepared from graft copolymer of corn starch and acrylamide.The polymerization was confirmed by ultra-red spectrum analysis.The influence of the cross-linking agent amount,initiator and its amount,reaction temperature and monomer ratio time on the water absorbency of the graft copolymer were investigated.The optimum reaction conditions are as follows： at 40 ℃,the mass ratio of starch and acrylamide is 1∶2;mole ratio of cross-linking agent to acrylamide is 1.10×10^-1;mole ratio of initiator to acrylamide is 2.18×10^-3.water absorption rate of the resin is 716 times as many as its own mass.Through degradation tests of the superabsorbent resin,the authors found that it will decompose naturally in less than one month under natural conditions.