生物影响冰川的研究

Study on the Organism Effect on Glacier Cycling

冰川的主体由降雪积累而成。只有在大量的云被顺畅地输送到高纬度和高山地区,降雪量才能大于融雪量,继而形成冰川。对比研究7亿年至今的生物群落,发现历次冰川形成时期,有两个重要条件:首先,在足够宽阔的低纬度海域,那些能使云凝结核大量释放的生物群落大发生,其次,在中高纬度有利于水汽畅通输送的生物群落分布极广。当前者锐减时则冰川消失,而后者的变迁则对冰川进退的影响甚巨。因此得出结论:生物对冰川的形成、消失和进退的影响是起决定性的。

The main body of glacier was formed by the accumulation of snow.Only when plenty of clouds were smoothly transferred to high latitude and mountainous area could there be more fallen snow than melted snow,which gave rise to the glacier.By comparative study on biocoenosis from 7 million years ago till now,it was found that two critical conditions determined the formation of glacier.First,the organism mass outbreak released cloud condensation nuclei on wide enough low latitude sea areas.Second,the organism that could transfer water vapor easily and widely spread on the high latitude.When the first condition decreased dramatically,the glacier vanished,whereas the changes of the second condition greatly impact glacier cycling.Organism determined the formation,vanishing and cycling of the glacier.