传统抗生素替代物-抗菌肽在水产养殖中的应用前景

Review on the Application of Antibacterial Peptides as Antibiotics Replacer in Aquaculture

抗菌肽（Antibacterial peptides）是具有抗菌活性基因编码的一类短肽，目前发现抗菌肽或类似抗菌肽的小分子肽类广泛存在于昆虫、两栖类、水产动物及哺乳动物中，这种内源性抗菌肽经诱导而合成，在机体抵抗病原的入侵方面起着重要的作用，更被认为是缺乏特异性免疫功能生物的重要防御成分。本文系统介绍了抗菌肽的定义、结构、作用机理、与传统抗生素的差异以及在水产养殖中的应用前景，以期为抗菌肽进一步深入研究提供参考。

Antibacterial peptide is a kind of gene - encoding antimicrobial molecule that can provide with antibaeteral function. At present, antibacterial peptides and some low molecular weight peptides were found in insect, amphibian, aquatic animals and mamalian, which play an important role inprotection body from invasions of pathogens and were considered to bean important defender in living organs with non - specific immunity. The endogenous antibacterial pepfides are synthesized by inducement and exert important effect in resisting pathogens. The review demonstrated various antibacterial peptides, including its species, function, mechanism, and its applied foreground as the conventional antibiotics replacer was addressed.