终结我们所认知的大学——美国大学的重塑

End the University as We Know It

美国研究生教育存在着专业面越来越窄的弊病,这样导致学科之间互相割裂,学者固守自己狭小的研究领域"孤芳自赏",培养的学生适应性不强;同时,高等教育的终身制固化了这一弊病,内部变革变得更加困难。美国高等教育要想继续在21世纪保持领先地位,必须进行严格的整顿和全面的重构,内容包括:课程的重构;废除常设性的院系,打造以问题为中心的研究项目;加强大学之间的合作;改变传统的学术论文要求和教学方式;扩大研究生职业选择范围;强制退休和取消终身教职制。

American graduate education is suffering from narrowing research fields,which has led to the divorce of disciplines from each other.Researchers limit themselves to their own disciplines and the graduate students they have tutored find it hard to fit themselves in researches.Meanwhile,tenure in higher education has worsened the situation,making the reform from the inside difficult.If American higher education is to thrive in the 21st century,colleges and universities must be rigorously regulated and completely restructured in such aspects as curriculum,permanent departments,research programs,intercollegiate collaboration,demands of dissertation and teaching mode,professional options for graduate students and tenure system.