老年住院患者抑郁焦虑的原因分析及护理对策

Research on the Efficacy of Psychological Crisis Intervention Therapy on the Senior In-patient with Depress and Anxiety Symptoms

目的:探讨老年住院患者抑郁、焦虑发生的原因及护理对策。方法:采用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)、社会支持评定量表(SRSS)、以及自设问卷评价86例老年患者,分析抑郁和焦虑发生的原因与病人的性别、医疗费用的高低及社会支持情况等有关。结果:医疗负担较高的老年病人抑郁、焦虑的发生率为为67.44%,医疗负担较轻的老年病人抑郁、焦虑的发生率为32.56%;社会支持评定量表总分(r=-0.31)与主观支持得分(r=-0.27)呈负相关(p<0.05);女性住院老人抑郁、焦虑的发生率为54.65%,男性住院老人抑郁、焦虑的发生率为45.35%。结论:老年患者抑郁、焦虑发病率较高,与患者的社会支持系统、性别、医疗负担高低有很大关系,因此我们在护理老年病人时,应注意对以上方面进行早期心理危机干预,促进病人的遵医行为,解除抑郁、焦虑发生的因素,减轻他们的心理负担,提高患者的自护能力,提高其生活质量,增强他们的自信心,使他们生活得更加有尊严。

Objective：Of elderly inpatients of depression,anxiety,the causes and nursing measures.Methods ：Using Zung self-rating depression scale （SDS） and Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）,Social Support Rating Scale （SRSS）,and self-evaluation of 86 cases of a questionnaire-based elderly patients,Analysis of depression and anxiety can occur because the patient＇s sex,level of medical costs,and social support and other relevant.Results ：The burden of higher health care of elderly patients with depression, anxiety and the incidence rate of 67.44% for the medical burden of elderly patients with minor depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 32.56%;Social Support Rating Scale total score（r=-0.31） and subjective support scores（r=-0.27） was negatively correlated （p〈0.05）;Women hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 54.65%,men hospitalized elderly depression,anxiety and the incidence rate of 45.35%. Conclusion ：Elderly patients with depression,anxiety,higher rate of incidence with the patient＇s social support system,gender, medical burden,the level of a greatrelationship,Consequently,we are caring for elderly patients should pay attention to the above aspects of early psychological crisis intervention to promote the patient＇s compliance behaviors to relieve depression,anxiety,factors that place to reduce their psychological burden,and improving self-care ability of patients to improve their lives quality,and enhance their self-confidence so that they live with greater dignity.