北京朝阳区某社区居民健康调查分析

Investigation of residents' health of Beijing certain community

目的调查北京朝阳区某社区居民健康情况,制定社区医疗服务规划。方法 2007年7月对北京市朝阳区某社区户籍居民进行整群随机抽样调查;按国际或国内常用诊断标准确定高血压、肥胖、血脂紊乱和糖尿病患者;并采用标准化的问卷方式调查吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、饮食习惯等。结果①超重、肥胖患病率75.4%、腹型肥胖患病率79.2%,体质量指数(BMI)≤24但腰围(WC)超标者占31.0%(40/129);BMI≥28且WC≥80(女)/85(男)者占33.3%(175/525);②高血压总患病率21.5%,女性患病率高于男性,患病率与BMI、WC呈正相关;③糖尿病总患病率9.9%,女性患病率高于男性;④高胆固醇(TC)、高甘油三酯(TG)和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)患病率明显高于2002年全国平均水平5.9%、15.7%、7.2%,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)异常率女性32.9%,男性31.7%;⑤冠心病与脑卒中患病率均与BMI、WC正相关,女性患病率高于男性;⑥不良生活、行为方式广泛存在。结论北京朝阳区某社区人群中肥胖、高血压、血脂紊乱和糖尿病患病率高,应采取措施,改善不良生活行为方式以降低患病率。

Objective To investigate the residents＇ health of Beijing certain community, and formulate the program of community medical service. Methods A cross sectional survey study （ n = 525） was conducted in July 2007. The patients of hypertension, and diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia were diagnosed by international or domestic diagnostic criteria. Standardized questionnaire was used to survey smoking, drinking, physical training, food habit and so on. Results ①The prevalence of hypergravitation and obesity was 75.4%, the prevalence of central obesity was 79.2 % , there were 40 persons whose body mass indexes were ≤ 24, and waist circumferenceS80 cm （female）/85 cm （male）, 175 persons whose body mass indexes were ≥ 28, and waist circumference≥ 80 cm （female）/85 cm （male）. ② The prevalence of hypertension was 21.5%, women had higher prevalence than men, the prevalence was positively correlated with body mass index and waist circumference. ③The prevalence of diabetes was 9.9 %, women had higher prevalence than men. ④ The prevalence of hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia and high serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher than the national average level 5.9 %, 15.7%, 7.2% in 2002. The female＇s prevalence of low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol was 32.9%, the male＇s was 31.7%. ⑤The prevalence of coronary heart disease and stroke had positive correlation with body mass index and waist circumference. Women had higher prevalence than men. ⑥ Unhealthy lifestyle existed widely. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were high. Measures should be taken to change unhealthy lifestyle,reduce the prevalence.