谭嗣同与梁启超佛学思想比较研究

A Comparative Study of Tan Sitong's and Liang Qichao's Buddhist Thoughts

佛教自两汉之际传入我国,至南北朝隋唐达到了鼎盛时期,其后即走向衰落。到了近代,对传统儒学的批判和"西学"的传入,也带来了中国佛学的振兴。作为中国思想文化的重要组成部分,佛学在中国古代、近现代和当代思想文化史中都占有非常重要的地位。尤其是在近代,思想家都对佛学推崇备至,他们一方面是为解除无法自由发挥个性的心灵空虚,另一方面则是为寻求实现政治理想的精神武器,这也是近代中国社会和学术史上一个非常重要的历史和学术现象。作为近代思想家的一份子,谭嗣同与梁启超也同样推崇佛学,他们对佛学的研究具有相当普遍的代表性,二者在所处时代及身份上有很多相同之处,但是他们对佛学的研究却有同有异,这不仅能够透视出中国近代思想家研讨佛学的特点,也能发现近代思想家佛学研究对中国佛学发展的作用和意义。

Since its introduction into our country in the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties,Buddhism had reached a peak in the Southern and Northern,Sui and Tang Dynasties,and then declined.In modern times,criticism of traditional Confucianism and prevalent ＂western learning＂ promoted the revitalization of Buddhism in China.Buddhism as a vital part of Chinese thoughts and culture seized an important position in ancient,modern and contemporaneous times.Especially in modern times,thinkers showed much esteem for Buddhism,for they could remove their spiritual emptiness due to restriction of free personality,and at the same time,they could look for spiritual weapon to achieve their ideals in politics.Therefore,it was a key phenomenon in China＇s social and academic history.Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao as the representative at that time also worshipped Buddhism.Their different points of view not only reflected the characteristics of modern thinkers＇ studying Buddhism,but also provided a clue for discovering the role and meanings of their research upon the development of Buddhism in China.