竹炭改性涤纶纤维的定性鉴别

Qualitative identification of bamboo-charcoal modified polyester fiber

采用燃烧法、显微镜观察法、溶解法和红外吸收光谱法对竹炭纤维定性鉴别进行了试验研究,并与涤纶纤维进行了比较分析。结果表明:竹炭纤维的纵向形态呈现多条连续分布的黑色斑纹,截面形态为独特的凹凸蜂窝状微孔结构,有明显的大小不均黑色斑点;在煮沸的70%硫酸、99%N—二甲基甲酰胺和20%氢氧化钠溶液中,竹炭纤维都能立即溶解,并有黑色颗粒出现。竹炭纤维的纵横向形态特征和溶解性能与涤纶纤维有明显的不同,但燃烧特征和红外吸收光谱与涤纶纤维基本相似。

This paper identifies bamboo-charcoal fiber by burning method,estimating method by microscope,dissolution method and infrared radiation spectrum method,and compares with the identification of polyester fiber.The results show that bamboo-charcoal fiber possesses a number of longitudinal continuous black strips.The cross-section is a micro-porous structure like a concave convex honeycomb,which has obvious uneven black spots.Besides,in the boiling sulfuric acid solution（the concentration is 70%）,N-Dimethylformamide（the concentration is 90%）,and sodium hydroxide solution（the concentration is 20%）,the bamboo-charcoal fiber can be dissolved immediately and turn out to be black particles.The vertical and horizontal characteristics and dissolution properties of bamboocharcoal fiber are totally different from polyester fiber＇s.However,the combustion characteristics and the infrared absorption spectra of them are basically similar.