路路通挥发油化学成分与抑菌活性研究

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Volatile Oil from Fructus liquidambaris

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取路路通挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用技术鉴定其化学成分并采用归一化法测定其相对含量。共检测出43个色谱峰,鉴定出38个化合物,检出率为97.28%;其中萜类成分为28个,占83.21%,脂肪族成分为6个,占12.02%,芳香族成分为4个,占2.05%;主要成分有β-蒎烯(21.96%)、α-蒎烯(21.32%)、柠檬烯(8.43%)、(E)-2-己烯醛(8.04%)、β-石竹烯(5.67%)等。采用滤纸片法进行挥发油抑菌活性实验,结果表明:路路通挥发油对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、黄曲霉、青霉、大肠杆菌均有一定抑制作用,其中对枯草杆菌的抑制作用最强,对大肠杆菌的抑制作用较弱,对照组未表现抑菌活性;方差分析表明菌种间的抑菌活性差异极显著,挥发油浓度对抑菌活性影响差异极显著。

GC-MS based on steam distillation extraction was used to analyze chemical composition of volatile oil from Fructus liquidambaris.Quantitative determination was conducted using area normalization method.GC-MS results exhibited that 43 peaks were separated and 38 components were identified with 97.28% total detection rate.Twenty-eight of these compounds belonged to the family of terpenes accounting for 83.21% of total volatile oil;6 were aliphatic compounds and 4 were aromatic compounds,accounting for 12.02% and 2.05% total volatile oil,respectively.Major compounds in Fructus liquidambaris volatile oil were β-pinene（21.96%）,α-pinene（21.32%）,limonene（8.43%）,（E）-2-hexenal（8.04%）,and β-caryophyllene（5.67%）.Antimicrobial activity of Fructus liquidambaris volatile oil was evaluated by paper disc method.Results indicated that Fructus liquidambaris volatile oil had an obvious antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Aspergillus flavus,and Penicillium oxalicum.The volatile oil exhibited the strongest and weakest antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli,respectively.However,the control group had no antimicrobial effect.Variance analysis suggested that there was a significant difference in antimicrobial activity of the same concentrations of Fructus liquidambaris volatile oil against various microorganisms and various concentrations of Fructus liquidambaris volatile oil also had a significant difference in antimicrobial activity against the same microorganisms.