含氟聚苯胺的合成及性能研究

Syntheses and characterization of fluorine-containing polyaniline

将氟元素引入聚苯胺(PANI)中,可以显著降低PANI对水分子的吸附,赋予其作为新型气敏材料的应用潜力。以2-氟苯胺(2-FAN)和苯胺为单体、过硫酸铵为氧化剂制备了含氟聚苯胺(PFANI),考察了PFANI的化学结构、溶解性、电导率和吸湿性能。研究发现,随共聚单体中2-FAN含量增加,本征态PFANI在强极性溶剂中的溶解性增强,其掺杂态样品的电导率则呈下降趋势。氟元素的引入能够显著增强所得聚合物的抗湿性,在温度为45℃,相对湿度范围为30%～70%时,PANI和PFANI粉末的饱和吸湿率随水蒸气分压的增大而线性增加。

Fluorine-containing polyaniline（PFANI） with good processability and unique water absorption properties is considered to be an important candidate for gas sensitive materials.In this study,PFANI was prepared through copolymerization of 2-fluoroaniline（2-FAN） and aniline as well as polymerization of 2-FAN.The chemical structure,solubility,conductivity and water absorption properties of PFANI were studied in comparison with the conventionally synthesized PANI.It was found that with an increase portion of 2-FAN in the monomer feed the as-synthesized polymers in their undoped state had an obviously enhanced solubility in strong polar solvents,while the doped polymers showed dramatically decreased conductivity.With the incorporation of fluorine-containing groups,the amount of water absorbed by PFANI powder was lower than that of PANI.Furthermore,the saturated mass of water absorbed by per 100 gram polymer powder showed nearly a linear relationship with the relative humidity（RH） under the studied conditions（i.e.,45 ℃,RH：30%～70%）.