广州市2008年度院前急救调查分析

The Investigation and Analysis of Pre-hospital Medical Care for Guangzhou City in 2008

目的:调查广州市院前急救患者流行病学情况,探讨院前急救病例特点。方法:从广州市急救医疗指挥中心系统数据库中导出2008年度全部有效数据进行统计分析。结果:(1)在109682次出车中,各区、街道、医院出车数量最多的分别是白云区、石井街、广州医学院附属第二医院。(2)在97823次院前急救中,创伤是院前急救中最多的(尤其是交通意外),以21～50岁青壮年阶段最多,其次分别是神经系统、循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统急症,且均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年阶段最多。(3)循环系统急症死亡(尤其是猝死)、呼吸系统急症死亡、神经系统急症死亡分别位居第一、第四、第五,均以51岁(尤其是70岁)以上的中老年阶段最多,其它类的死亡位居第二,以61岁以上的老年阶段最多,创伤死亡位居第三,以21～40岁中青年阶段最多。(4)男性院前急救的数量与死亡均明显高于女性。结论:(1)加强心脑血管病和呼吸系统疾病防治,提高中老年患者的常见急危重症早期识别与院前急救水平对降低死亡有重要意义。(2)加强安全生产、遵守交通法规、强化法制意识将是降低创伤,尤其是交通意外发生及其死亡的有力手段。

Objective： To investigate the epidemiological information of patients in pre-hospital medical care for Guangzhou city and probe the patients＇ characteristic. Methods： The valid data in 2008 were exported from the computer database of Guangzhou emergency medical rescue command center. Results： （1）In 109682 times of dispatch a vehicle, as categorize by administrative district, street and hospital respectively, The most patients belonged to Baiyun district, Shijing street and the second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou medical college respectively. （2） In 97823 cases of pre-hospital medical care, The patients＇ amounts of trauma, especially in traffic accident, was at most, which the patients＇ age grades was by far among 21-50, and the others in sequence were nerves system, circulatory system, respiratory system and digestive system respectively, which the patients＇ age grades was by far above 51, especially above 70. （3） The death amounts of circulatory system （especially in sudden death）, respiratory system and nerves system ranked at the 1^st, 4^th, 5^th respectively, which the patients＇ age grades was by far above 51, especially above 70. The death amounts of the other group ranked at the 2^nd, which the patients＇ age grades was by far above 61, and the death amounts of trauma ranked at the 3^nd, which the patients＇ age grades was by far among 21-40. （4） The total or death amounts of the man patients was more than the one of the female patients. Conclusions： It is very important to cut the death rate of the middle-old age patients by strengthening prevention and cure of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, discerning the critical illness early and improving the level of pre-hospital medical care. （2） It is a strong method to decrease the total or the death amounts of the trauma, especially in traffic accident, by strengthening safety in production, observing traffic regulation and enhancing the legal awareness.