不同叶龄及灌水方式对重度盐碱地羊草移栽成活率的影响

Effect of Leaf Ages and Irrigation Ways on Survival Rate of Leymus chinensis Transplanted in Heavy Saline-alkaline Land

采用pH9.78、pH10.17和pH10.48的三种重度苏打盐碱土分别进行羊草不同叶龄、不同移栽方式以及移栽深度与灌水方式对移栽成活率影响的研究。结果表明,在重度苏打盐碱土上,随着羊草叶龄的增大移栽成活率显著提高,在pH10.17的盐碱土上8～10叶龄羊草移栽成活率可达90%以上,在pH10.48的盐碱土上6～10叶龄羊草20%左右可移栽成活。改变移栽方式后,4叶龄羊草在pH10.48的盐碱土上多株不带土和带土穴栽移栽成活率均有所提高,多株带土穴栽60 d的成活率可达65%以上。羊草移栽成活率同时还受到移栽深度以及灌水频次的影响,本试验的三种移栽深度和四种灌水频次中,以移栽5 cm深、间隔21d灌水效果最佳。因此,在实际生产上羊草移栽要根据土壤盐碱轻重选择合适的苗龄,盐碱越重越应选择大苗移栽,尤以多株带土穴栽为宜;在移栽深度的选择上应充分考虑到土壤水分和降水条件,湿润季节可以浅栽,干旱季节则以深栽为宜。

Leymus chinensis seedlings at different leaf ages were transplanted in three kinds of heavy soda saline-alkaline soils of pH9.78,pH10.17 and pH10.48.The effect of different transplant ways,transplant depths and irrigation ways on the survival rate of the seedling were investigated.The results showed that the transplanting survival rate increased significantly with increasing of Leymus chinensis leaf ages in heavy soda saline-alkaline soils.The survival rate of the seedlings with 8～10 leaves transplanted in the soil of pH10.17 was up to 90%,while the survival rate of the seedlings with 6～10 leaves transplanted in the soil of pH10.48 was about 20%.After changing transplanting ways,the transplanting survival rates of the 4 leaf ages seedlings of multi-plants with non-soil and multi-plants with soil transplanted in the soda saline-alkaline soil of pH10.48 were improved compared with single plant with non-soil,the transplanting survival rate of multi-plants with soil transplanted in 60 days was up to 65%.The transplant survival rate of Leymus chinensis was also affected by the transplant depth and irrigation frequency at the same time.Transplanting depth of 5 cm and irrigating every 21days was the best.Therefore,transplanting Leymus chinensis should be at a suitable seedling ages according to the severity of soil salinity in the actual production,large seedlings should be chosen when the soil was heavily saline-alkaline,transplanting multi-plants with root-zone soils was also recommended.In the choice of transplanting depth,the conditions of moisture and precipitation should be taken fully into account.It was better that shallow-transplanting in humid season,and deep-transplanting in dry season.