施肥对青藏高原燕麦产量和品质的影响

Effect of Applying Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Oats in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

以白燕7号燕麦为材料,研究了不同配比的N肥和P肥对种子产量构成因素(穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重)、种子产量、秸秆产量及品质的影响。结果表明,施N和施P均能提高穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重、种子产量和秸秆产量,与种子产量和秸秆产量之间呈显著的线性回归关系(R2=0.768,P<0.05;R2=0.751,P<0.05);在N75P105水平下,燕麦种子产量最高(5190kg/hm2);在N75P138水平下,燕麦秸秆产量最高(10260kg/hm2);在相同P水平不同N水平下,随着施N量的增加燕麦籽粒中粗蛋白质含量递增,粗脂肪含量降低,粗纤维含量呈先升后降的变化趋势;在相同N水平不同P水平下,随着施P量的增加燕麦籽粒中粗纤维含量呈先升后降的变化趋势,粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量变化没有规律可循。

Effects of different ratio of N,P fertilizer on seeds yield components（spike number,seeds per spikes,1000-seed weight,seeds weight per spike）,seeds yield,straw yield and quality of oat cv.Baiyan No.7 were studied.The results showed that applying N and P fertilizer can improve the spike number,1000-seed weight,seeds weight per spike,seed yield and straw yield.There was a significant linear regress between seeds yield components and seeds and straw yield（R2=0.862,P0.05;R2=0.838,P0.05）;at the level of N75P105,seeds yield was the highest（5190kg/hm^2）;at the level of N75P138 straw yield was the highest（10260kg/hm^2）;at same P and different N level,the crude protein in seed increased,the crude fat decreased and the crude fiber increased at first then decreased with increasing N application;at same N and different P level,the crude fiber in seed tended to increasing at first then decreasing,the crude protein and the crude fat changed irregularly with increasing P application.