“伪神话”结构及其意义——重读“十七年”的几部长篇小说

The Structure of Pseudo-Myth and Its Significance——Several Novels in "the Seventeen-year Period" Reinterpreted

"十七年"期间的长篇小说创作中存在一种以正反面人物截然两分的模式为基础的叙事结构,它具有与中外文学、文化经典中的"神话"叙事结构形式相似而意义迥异的特点。在形似的叙事结构中,前者的正、反面人物和中间人物替代了后者的神、魔和被诱惑的神造物,相应地,前者的人性局限也被置换为超验的神性和魔性。这种形似而质异的关系,显示了"十七年"长篇小说叙事结构深远的传统渊源背景和普遍的社会现实心理基础。

There is a narrative structure of pseudo-myth based on an opposite distinction of positive characters and negative characters in some novels during the seventeen-year period.Compared with the narrative structure of true myth in Chinese and foreign literary or religious classics,the narrative structure of pseudo-myth is similar in form but different in significance.In the similar form of narrative structure,positive characters,negative characters and middle characters in the pseudo-myth displaces gods,devils and those sunk humans in the true myth;accordingly,the expression of limitations of human nature is simplified by the stereotype of the god′s battle against the devil.All these relations prove the far-reaching traditional influence and the common social psychological basis of the narrative structure of the pseudo-myth in many novels in the seventeen-year period.