α细胞、胰高血糖素与2型糖尿病

Alpha-cells,glucagon and type 2 diabetes

胰岛α细胞分泌的胰高血糖素是胰岛素的主要拮抗激素,在低血糖时释放,通过增加肝糖输出,在维持血糖稳定中起到了关键作用。愈来愈多的研究表明,α细胞的病理改变及胰高血糖素的分泌异常也参与2型糖尿病的发病,减少胰高血糖素的分泌或阻断其作用可能成为治疗2型糖尿病的新方法。

Glucagon, a hormone secreted from the α-cells of the endocrine pancreas, is critical for blood glucose homeostasis. It is the major counterpart to insulin and is released during hypoglycemia to induce hepatic glucose output. More and more evidence shows that the abnormality of α-cells and Absolute or relative hyperglucagonemia contribute to type 2 diabetes. Agents that act to reduce glucagon secretion or to block glucagon action may prove to be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.