外通频带地震信息的利用

Usages of Seismic Extra-bandpass Spectral Components

外通频带地震信息是指地震信号谱通频带以外的频率成分所携带的地震信息。提高外通频带地震信息的利用水平有助于提高地震资料的利用率和勘探效果。论文作者以数值模拟和实际地震资料处理结果表明:利用外通频带地震信息可以识别小的地质异常体,圈定油气藏的空间分布范围。以高精度时频分析为基础形成共频率数据体,如共频率地震剖面、共频率水平切片及共频率沿层切片是外通频带地震信息利用的有效手段。在地震资料具有较高信/噪比时,能量较弱的外通频带信息和能量较强的通频带内的信息可等同使用,并有时独具特色,在薄、小地质异常体的识别方面,能发挥通频带内地震频率成分难以起到的作用至少能起到补充作用。

The seismic information with extra-band-pass spectral components （EBSC） means the seismic energy carried by the spectral components which are out of its spectrum band-pass. Usages of seismic extra-band-pass spectral components can improve utilize ratio of seismic data and seismic exploration efficiency. Based on seismic numerical modeling and real data processing, this paper shows that some small geological anomalies on seismic record can be identified and spatial distribution of complex reservoir can be described by using this seismic information with EBSC. Seismic common-frequency data volumes, such as common-frequency profile, common-frequency horizontal slice and com- mon-frequency layer slice which generated from time-frequency analysis of seismic data are main tools for the usage of EBSC. As the seismic weaker energy with EBSC information and Strong energy with band-pass spectral components （ BSC ） are on an equal basis in commonfrequency data volumes with high S/N ratio,Therefore,the EBSC can do many things that the BSC may not do in the area of thin layer identi- fication and complex reservoir description.