电能计量及反窃电方法综述

A Survey of Electric Energy Metering and Countermeasures to Electric Power Stealing

在生活中,由于窃电、漏电等行为的存在,常使供电企业蒙受不白的经济损失。笔者分析了电能计量的原理及计量点的位置选择,总结了常见的窃电方式,如改变电流的窃电、改变表计的结构和接线方式的窃电等,得出与电能计量密切相关的防窃电措施:在技术方面,对居民用户采用集中装表箱或全封闭电能表箱;对大用户、工矿企业的电能计量装置,应由3方加封;使用新一代电子式多功能电能表和先进的防窃电系统等;在管理方面,向社会广泛宣传《电力法》、《电力供应与使用条例》等电力法律、法规知识,明确窃电是一种犯罪行为,使广大用户接受"合法用电"的概念,加大惩罚力度。

This paper analyzes the principle of electric energy metering and measurement point selection, and summarizes the common electric power stealing methods, such as changing current, structure and wiring mode of meter. Consequently, some associated with the electric energy metering are proposed to prevent electric power stealing, such as installing centralized meter box or fully closed meter box for residents, sealing energy metering devices by three parties for large power users and industrial enterprises, making use of new generation of electronic multi-function watt-hour meter and advanced anti power stealing systems, and giving publicity to the national ＂Electricity Law＂, ＂Regulation of Electric Power Supply and Use＂ and other relative laws and rules.