黄河铜瓦厢决口后清廷的应对

Yellow River's Burst at Tongwaxiang and the Government Countermeasures

晚清时期,河政与荒政这两项曾被国家高度重视的事务陷入了混乱,这在清廷对铜瓦厢决口的应对问题上体现得非常明显。咸丰五年,黄河在铜瓦厢发生了一次较大规模的决口。当时清廷正为镇压太平天国起义而疲于奔命,因此决定"暂缓堵筑"决口,对灾区采取的救济措施也非常有限。通过清廷对整个事件的应对可以发现:在内乱外患、军政祸乱频兴的形势下,清廷的施政能力已经大大地了减弱,自身的存亡绝续成为第一要务。明清以来的河政体制走上了解体的道路,救荒事务更加地方化。

In the late Qing Dynasty, the Yellow River＇s affairs and relief affairs which had been very important in the state＇s affairs fell into disorder which was perfectly embodied in the countermeasures of the Qing government to the Yellow River＇s burst at Tongwaxiang. In the fifth year of Xianfeng Reign, the Yellow River burst at Tongwaxiang. The Qing government took to suspend the burst holding construction and relief work in the disastrous area as a result of the its efforts to crack down Taiping rebellion. Through the measures taken by the government, it is found out that existence the executive power of the Qing government had greatly declined and its first mission was to sustain its reign in the context of internal rebellion and external aggression. The Yellow River administration system was disorganized gradually And relief work was increasingly localized.