我国摔跤运动员运动损伤现状分析

An Investigation of Sports Injury amongst Chinese Wrestlers

目的:通过对我国2005-2008年参加中华全国体育基金会(China Sports Foundation)伤残互助保险并获理赔的1010名摔跤运动员运动损伤的发生部位、损伤类型及发生比例进行统计分析,探讨预防或减少创伤的措施。方法:采用文献资料法和数理统计法。结果:损伤好发部位依次是:耳部(30.59%)、膝关节(24.39%)、腰部(13.20%)、肘关节(5.42%)、颈部(4.46%)、肩关节(3.58%)和踝关节(2.01%)。损伤多发类型依次是:耳廓损伤(发生率29.90%)、半月板损伤(10.40%)、骨折(9.88%)、椎间盘突出症(9.10%)、韧带损伤(7.80%)、关节扭伤(7.63%)和脱位(4.16%)。结论:加强医务监督和易伤部位的运动防护,提高专项训练技术水平,重视核心力量、易伤关节周围肌肉力量和本体感觉的训练能有效地预防摔跤运动损伤的发生,减少损伤的复发率和有利于损伤的康复。

Objective：To work out measures to prevent or reduce the injuries for Chinese wrestlers by statistical analysis about the injured parts,injury types and rate of occurance based on the successful mutual insurance claims filed against China Sports Foundation by 1010 wrestlers in China during 2005-2008.Methods：Methods of documentation and mathematical statistics are used in this study. Results： the ranking of the injured parts which usually happen is Ears（30.59%）,knee joint（24.39%）,waist（13.20%）,elbow joint（5.42%）,neck（4.46%）,shoulder joint（3.58%） and ankle（2.02%）;the ranking of the injury types which usually happen is ligament injury（rate of occurance,29.90%）,meniscus injury（10.40%）,fracture（9.88%）,disc herniation（9.10%）,meniscus injury（7.80%）,joint sprain（7.63%）and dislocation（4.16%）.Conclusion：strengthening medical supervision and protection of the vulnerable parts from injury,increasing the technical level of the particularly training and emphasizing the training of core strength,muscle strength of vulnerable parts and proprioception enhancement significantly prevent the sports injuries among the handball players from occurring,Reduce the recurrence rate and be effectively helpful for injury recovery.