燕麦对高胆固醇血症中老年妇女血脂水平的影响

Effects of Oat on Blood Lipid Level of Middle Aged and Elderly Women with Hypercholesterolemia

目的:观察食用燕麦对患高胆固醇血症中老年妇女血脂水平的影响。方法:参考《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》中的判断标准,筛选高胆固醇血症中老年妇女111名,随机分为2组,分别为燕麦组,每人每天给予100g即冲即食燕麦片;对照组,每人每天给予100g普通挂面。试验周期6周,研究开始前和6周后对两组受试者进行基本健康状况问卷调查、人体测量、血生化检测以及膳食调查。结果:燕麦组52人,对照组49人完成研究。实验期间两组人员的能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物摄入量无显著差异,但燕麦组膳食纤维摄入量明显增加,且增加幅度显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。与实验前相比,试验结束时燕麦组人员的腰围、血清TC、LDL-C、ApoB以及LDL-C/HDL-C、ApoB/ApoA比值显著降低,P<0.05;对照组血清HDL-C、ApoB水平显著降低,P<0.05,体重、体质指数、血清TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值则显著升高(P<0.05)。此外,燕麦组和对照组人员的空腹血糖水平都显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:在目前城市居民的膳食结构下,食用一定量的全谷类食物燕麦能够有效地降低血清胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。

[Objective] To observe the impact of oat intake on the blood lipid level of middle-aged and elderly women with hypercholesterolemia. [Method] By referring to the diagnosed criteria in the Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults, 111 middle-aged and elderly women with hypercholesterolemia were selected and randomly assigned to consume 100g of instant oatmeal per day （Oat group） or receive 100g of common noodle （Control） for 6 weeks. At the beginning and the end of the study, basic health condition questionnaire survey, body measurement, blood biochemical testing and diet survey were undertaken. [Results] Fifty two subjects of oat group and forty nine subjects of Control group completed the study. There were no significant changes for intakes of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate between the two groups while dietary fiber intake significantly increased within Oat group （P〈0.05） . Oat mea intake resulted in a significant reduction of waist circumference, serum TC, LDL-C, ApoB, LDL-C/HDL-C and ApoB/ApoA ratio （P 〈 0.05 ） , whereas decrease in serum HDL-C, apoB level and increase in body weight, body mass index, serum TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio appeared in control group （P〈0.05） . In addition, the fasting blood glucose level showed a significant reduction in both group （P〈0.05） . [Conclusion] Under the current diet regime of urban residents consuming oat, a kind of whole grain foods, could effectively lower serum total and LDC cholesterol level.