利用F_(2:3)家系分析粳稻矮生性遗传

Inheritance Analysis of Dwarf Characteristics in F_(2∶3) of Rice(Japonica)

为明确粳稻不同株高突变体的遗传机制,以株高有明显差异的两份材料及其F1、F2:3为试材,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,分析了株高及相关性状的遗传性质。结果表明:株高仅受两对加性-显性-上位性主基因控制,各节间长度则表现为受主基因+多基因联合控制。其中倒1、倒2和倒4节间受两对加性-显性-上位性主基因控制,倒3节间受一对加性-显性主基因控制;降低株高的效应以主基因显×显上位性效应最大,主基因加性效应和多基因效应使倒1、倒2节间长度缩短,所有的主基因效应都使倒4节间缩短。倒3节间仅有显著的多基因效应,其效应值较小。株高及各节间的主基因遗传率均大于90%,表明水稻株高的遗传以主基因为主。根据系统来源,分析其中的一对主基因是sd-1,另一对则是未知的。

In order to check out the inheritance of rice plant height in mutants,two parents with different plant height, together with F1 and F2：3 were used as materials. Plant height and traits associated had been analyzed by major and polygene mixed genetic model. Genetic analyses showed that plant height had only been controlled by two addi- tive,dominance and epistasis major genes,and each internode had been controlled by major and polygene genes. The first, second and fourth internodes from top were controlled by two additive, dominant and epistatic major genes. The third internode from top was controlled by an additive and dominant major gene. In addition, the largest effect to de- crease the plant height was from dominance dominance epistasis. What is more,the additive and polygene major genes could shorten the first and second internodes from top, and all the major genes made the fourth internode from top shorter. There was polygene effect in the third internode from top only,which was quite low. The heritability of major genes for rice plant height and all traits associated were lager than 90% ,which showed the inheritance of plant height in rice was mainly in the charge of major genes. According to the source system,the two major genes consisted of a pair of major genes named sd-1 and another pair unknown.