湿地类型与格局对城市发展取向的制约作用

The restrictive effects of types and patterns of urban wetlands on urban developing tropism

湿地是地球上独特的地理综合体和水陆复合生态系统,为城市提供了发展空间,并成为城市生态环境最重要的组成部分。城市湿地蕴涵强大的综合功能,不仅为城市发展提供重要的水资源和生态环境保障,而且城市湿地类型和格局对城市发展的取向具有重要的制约作用。湿地类型制约城市性质的形成,湿地格局制约城市景观生态结构及城市发展的取向;在对城市资源与环境的支持上,不同湿地类型的城市表现出不同特征,河流-海洋湿地融汇格局有利于城市向顶极形态发展。

Wetlands are the unique geographical syntheses or land-water compound ecosystems in the world,and that cities are the important symbols and fruits of human civilization and progress.To city,wetlands provide developing space and also become the most important parts of urban eco-environment.Urban wetlands contain powerfully comprehensive functions,and therefore not only provide important water sources and eco-environmental insurance for urban development,but also the types and patterns of urban wetlands affected urban developing tropism.Urban wetlands are the important conditions for urban development.According to relevant types of wetlands,there are riverside city,lakeshore city,swamp city,outfall-seashore city,and so on,so they have different characteristics.The ecological structure of urban landscape and the potential and tropism of urban development are restricted by the patterns of urban wetlands.In the holding to urban resources and environment,different urban types are based on different types of wetlands present different characteristics.At the combinative regions of mixed patterns of river-ocean wetlands,the cities have the ascendant for developing to the peak state.The metropolises in the world commonly possess this pattern.