明清小说作者的民俗观与江苏民间制度文化

The Views on Folklore of the Writers of Fictions in Ming & Qing Dynasties and the Cultures of Folk System in Jiangsu

明清小说的作者凭借对于民俗的敏感度关注、认可并记录和描述江苏民间制度文化,其民俗心理、民俗意识乃至民俗观,是他们在作品中描述民间制度文化内容的必要前提。作品也描述了江苏民间制度有许多先天不足。作品对于民间制度的态度完全根据反映作者创作倾向的需要而定,民俗观与民间制度文化内容褒贬的价值取向相一致。中国历来重视道德规劝和教化,同时还十分重视自律性约束,在这一点上,民间制度与国家制度保持一致,而同时在某种程度上为国家制度拾遗补缺。

The writers of fictions in Ming ＆ Qing dynasties paid much more attention to describe the cultures of folk system in Jiangsu. The folk psychology, folk and folklore views are the necessary contents for describing folk systematic cultures. Of course, the natural deficiencies of folk system were also described in the fictions. The attitudes of the fictions on folk system completely depended on the requirement of writing tendency. Obviously, the views of folklore am in line with their criticisms or praises on folk systematic cultures. In fact, it was always emphasized that moral remonstration and education as well as automatic restriction in China. At this point, folk systems not only keep in line with, but as an effective supplementation to national regulations.