基于竞争战略视角的跨国公司R&D机构区位机理研究——以诺基亚为例

Locational mechanism of Transnational Corporations' R&D Facilities Based on the Competitive Strategy:A Case Study of Nokia

目前对跨国公司R&D区位的研究大多站在区域要素供给的角度,探讨影响R&D机构布局的区位因子。实际上,在全球竞争时代,跨国公司R&D机构布局在考虑投资地R&D区位规模的同时,还受到企业内在因素的影响。从竞争战略视角出发,以诺基亚公司为例,研究跨国公司R&D机构的全球区位机理。结果发现,R&D机构的空间布局受到研发网络/战略的总体控制,并受生产单元、竞争对手、合作伙伴等利益相关体的影响,同时与东道国各类要素产生层层耦合。从诺基亚案例分析中得出若干启示,以期为我国城市R&D产业发展提供重要参考。

At present, the research on the location of R＆D facilities of multinationals mainly analyses locational factors from a regional respective. Actually, R＆D facilities are also influenced by inner factors of multinationals, such as R＆D strategies, organizational framework, competitors and cooperative partners. From the competitive strategy＇ s perspective, and based on the case study of Nokia, one of the most famous multi-national corporate in the global information and telecommunication industry, this paper finds that spatial structure of R＆D facilities＇ location is decided by corporate strategy and R＆D networking organization. Production units, competitors and cooperative partners also exert important effects on the locational decision making of R＆D facilities, coupling with host countries＇ resource factors.