无偿献血者接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗效果的初步评价

Preliminary evaluation of the effect of Human Influenza A (H1N1) vaccination in blood donors

目的初步评价无偿献血者接种甲型H1N1型流感(简称甲流)疫苗的效果,为临床采集、储备甲流抗体血浆提供依据。方法对2010年1月—2010年2月的1027名东莞市无偿献血者分为甲流疫苗接种组(n=899)和对照组(n=128),应用ELISA法检测2组的人H1N1IgG抗体,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果抗-H1N1阳性率:甲流疫苗接种组为77.53%(697/899),对照组为15.63%(20/128),2组比较具统计学意义(χ2=203.76,P<0.01);抗-H1N1阳性结果S/CO值,甲流疫苗接种组为1.27±0.18,对照组为1.08±0.07(t=4.71,P<0.01);甲流疫苗接种者中,接种时间71—80d组的抗-H1N1阳性率、S/CO值均高于接种时间小于70d的各组。在甲流疫苗接种组中37例自诉有接种副反应,占4.12%,但无严重副反应。结论无偿献血者接种甲流疫苗安全且能有效产生抗-H1N1IgG,建议在接种疫苗70d后采集甲流抗体血浆。

Objective To evaluate the effect of human influenza A （H1N1） vaccination in blood donors in order to provide reference for drawing and reserving high-titer anti-H1N1 plasma for H1N1 therapy.Methods Anti-H1N1 IgG was detected by ELISA method in 1 027 blood donors who were divided into vaccination group（n=899）and control group（n=128）in Dongguan City from January 2010 to February 2010.Results were analyzed statistically.Results Anti-H1N1-positive rate of blood donors in vaccination group（77.53%,697/899） was significantly higher than that in control group（15.63%,20/128）（χ^2=203.76,P〈0.01）.Anti-H1N1 S/CO value of positive results in vaccination group（1.27±0.18） was significantly higher than that in control group（1.08±0.07）（t=4.71,P〈0.01）.Among the vaccinated donors,anti-H1N1-positive rate and S/CO value in the group with vaccination time between 71 d and 80 d were both higher than those in each group with vaccination time less than 70 d.Thirty seven cases in the vaccination group complained of minor side effects and the rate was 4.12%.There was no severe adverse reactions to H1N1 vaccination.Conclusion H1N1 vaccine is safe for blood donors and can effectively induce H1N1 antibodies in blood donors.It is suggested that blood for H1N1 therapy use should be drawn from blood donors 70 days after H1N1 vaccination.