我国企业孵化器运行效率差异研究——基于DEA及聚类分析方法

Differences Study on the Operational Efficiency of Business Incubators in China——Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and Cluster Analysis

构建了研究我国企业孵化器运行效率差异的实证模型。运用数据包络分析方法测评了国家级孵化器的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率;以纯技术效率和规模效率为变量进行快速聚类分析,将孵化器划分为全能高效型、规模低效型、配置低效型和持续改进型;分别探讨了不同类型孵化器的内涵、特征以及效率改进的方向和思路。研究表明,我国孵化器在资源配置方面的问题比较突出,应改进现有的资源投入产出组合,有效控制资源投入的冗余和浪费;部分持续改进型孵化器效率过低对整体效率水平"拖累"程度较大,应重点关注和研究这一类型孵化器效率的改进。

In this paper, an empirical model has been built to study the efficiency differences among all the business incubators in China. First, technological efficiency, pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency of business incubators have been evaluated with the method of data envelopment analysis. Second, all the incubators have been divided into 4 kinds of different types by the K-mean Cluster Analysis： all-round efficiency incubator, scale-inefficient incubator, technological-inefficient incubator and all-inefficient incubator. Third, the meanings and features of different types of incubator have been discussed. Finally, we give some suggestions how to improve their efficiencies separately including that Current input-output combinations should be adjusted to avoid redundancy and researches should be focused on the efficiency improvement waste of input resources, more attentions and of this type of incubator .