高层楼房爆破塌落振动对周边目标影响的测试与分析

Influence Test and Analysis of Collapse Vibration of High-building Demolition Blasting on Surroundings

对哈尔滨市一幢16层楼房的爆破拆除过程进行了现场监测,获得了爆破和楼房倒塌过程中引起的地面质点的振动速度、频率等数据。分析测试结果表明,城市拆除爆破过程中爆破振动效应一般较小,而由于高层建筑物的体积、质量较大引起的塌落振动较大,对周围建筑物的影响较大。爆破振动频率高衰减快,而塌落振动频率低衰减慢,同时容易引起周围建筑物共振,产生破坏效应,因此必须采取有效的减震防护措施。

The demolition process of a 16th floor building in Harbin was monitored,and vibration velocity and frequency of ground particles were obtained during the blasting and collapsing process.The analysis of test results showed that effects of blasting vibration in the city demolition blasting process are generally small,however,large collapse vibration due to the volume and big quality of high buildings have more influence on surrounding buildings.High blasting vibration frequency attenuates fast,while low collapse vibration frequency attenuates slowly and easily causes the surrounding buildings sympathetic vibration and damage effects,therefore effective damping and preventive measures must be taken.