不同密度与施氮量对油研1707油菜农艺性状及产量的影响

Effect of Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Rapeseed Variety Youyan 1707

在大田试验条件下,进行了不同种植密度(3万、6万、9万株/hm2)与施氮量(纯N90、180、270kg/hm2)对油菜油研1707主要农艺性状和产量的影响研究。结果表明,不同密度、施氮量处理对株高、一次有效分枝高度、二次分枝数和单株角果数都有显著影响,但对一次分枝数、每角粒数和千粒重的影响较小。不同密度与施氮量处理对产量的影响均无显著差异。根据多重比较结果,M2N1、M2N2、M3N1等组合措施的产量相对较高,可达2850～3000kg/hm2。因此,在四川省丘陵区中等以上土壤肥力条件下,移栽油菜的适宜密度范围为6万～9万株/hm2,施氮量应控制在180kg(N)/hm2以下,可减少用工量,节约生产成本,实现轻简化栽培和高产高效。

The effects of different density （3×104、6×104、9×104 plant/hm2） or nitrogen fertilizer applied rates （（N）90、180、 270kg / hm2） on Youyan 1707 agronomic traits, yield component factor and grain yield were studied in the field. The results showed that there were significant differences of several plant traits （plant height,first effective branch height, secondary branch numbers and pod numbers per plant） between density or nitrogen fertilizer treatments, but no significant differences for first effective branch numbers, seeds per pod or thousand-grain weight. Grain yield had no significantly differences under the treatments of different density or nitrogen fertilizer. Higher yield relatively was received about 2 850～3 000kg / hm2 in the condition of M2N1 or M2N2 or M3N1. We suggested that reasonable density（6×104～9×104 plant/hm2） and nitrogen fertilizer （N below 180kg/hm2） were favourable to reduce labor power and save productivity cost in the moderate or upward soil fertility level.