森田疗法取向团体辅导改善大学生面试焦虑的对照研究

Effect of Morita therapy-based group counseling on interview anxiety disorders in college students

目的:考察森田疗法取向团体辅导(Morita therapy-based group counseling,MTGC)对大学生面试焦虑障碍(interview anxiety disorder,IAD)的干预效果。方法:采用方便取样,从山东省2所重点大学三、四年级学生中,筛选出IAD学生41例,随机分为实验组(n=21)和对照组(n=20)。同时,由实验组选择非面试焦虑学生组成榜样组(n=21)。用社交回避及苦恼量表(SADS)、自编量化和质性报告、专家评估于治疗前后及治疗2个月后进行施测。结果:(1)团体辅导前,实验组SADS总分及各因子分均高于榜样组[如总分(104.8±10.1)vs.(67.0±7.7),P<0.001]。后测与追踪测试中,实验组SADS总分及各因子分均低于团体辅导前[如总分(104.8±10.1)vs.(71.6±4.8)、(72.1±6.9),P<0.001],也均低于对照组[如后测总分(71.6±4.8)vs.(102.7±8.3),追踪测试总分(72.1±6.9)vs.(105.8±9.5);均P<0.001]。(2)实验组显效率为76.2%,总有效率90.5%。结论:森田疗法取向团体辅导能改善大学生的面试焦虑,促进社会康复。

Objective： To explore the intervening effect of a Morita therapy-based group counseling （MT- GC） on college students with interview anxiety disorders （IAD） . Methods： Using convenience sampling, 41 students diagnosed as IAD were selected from junior and senior students from 2 universities in Shandong Province. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. Twenty-one students with IAD received MTGC for 7 sessions in 6 weeks were taken as experimental group, while other 20 students were as control group. Meanwhile, another 21 common students were selected as the model group by experimental students. All the students were assessed with the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale （ SADS ）, self-quantitative and qnalitative report, and expert assessment. Results： （ 1 ） In pre-test, scores of SADS and its two sub-scales in experimental group were significantly lower than that in model group [ e. g. total scores （ 104. 8 ± 10. 1 ） vs. （ 67.0 ±7.7 ）, P 〈 0. 001 ] . In post-test and follow-up test, scores of SADS and its two sub-scales in experimental group were significantly lower than that in pre-test [ e. g. total scores （ 104. 8 ± 10. 1 ） vs. （ 72. 1 ± 6. 9 ）, P 〈 0. 001 ], and lower than that in control group [e. g. total scores in post-test, （71.6 ±4.8） vs. （102.7 ±8.3） ; total scores in follw-up test, （72.1±6.9） vs. （105.8±9.5）; Ps〈0.001] . （2） After treatment, the significant improved clinical effect rates and total effect improved rates were 76. 2% and 90. 5 % respectively. Conclusion： The results suggest that the Morita therapy-based group counseling can efficiently reduce interview anxiety in college students.