抑郁个体情绪加工与认知控制的相互作用

Interaction of emotion processing and cognitive control in individuals with depressive emotion

目的:探讨抑郁个体情绪加工与认知控制的相互作用特点。方法:从重庆某两所高校120名学生中,用Beck抑郁问卷和自评抑郁量表筛选出20名抑郁情绪个体和26名正常被试参与情绪干扰任务。结果:两组被试在注视悲伤面孔时的正确率差异无统计学意义(P=0.115),而在忽视悲伤面孔时,抑郁情绪组的正确率低于正常对照组[(0.69±0.19)vs.(0.81±0.15),P=0.030];两组被试在注视高兴面孔时的正确率边缘显著(P=0.062),而在忽视高兴面孔时的正确率差异有统计学意义,抑郁情绪组的正确率低于正常对照组[(0.68±0.20)vs.(0.80±0.17),P=0.033]。呈现时间为500ms时的正确率高于呈现时间为250ms和375ms时的正确率[(0.75±0.03)vs.((0.68±0.03),(0.69±0.02);均P<0.001],而呈现时间为250ms与375ms时的正确率差异无统计学意义(P=0.950)。结论:抑郁个体的情绪(不管正性还是负性)加工过程对认知控制过程会造成干扰,其认知控制功能可能受损;抑郁情绪个体的认知控制功能受损可能会引起正性情绪加工能力下降,而对负性情绪加工没有影响。

Objective： To explore the interaction of emotion processing and cognitive control in individuals with depressive emotion. Methods： Twenty participants with depressive emotion （ depressed group ） and 26 normal controls （ control group ） were selected with the Beck Depression Inventory （ BDI ） and Self-rating Depression Scale （ SDS ） . All participants completed the emotion-interference task. Results ： There was no significant difference on the accuracies between the depressed group and the control group when they attended to the sad faces （ P = 0. 115 ） . When they ignored the sad faces, the accuracies in the depressed group were significantly lower than that in the control group [（ 0. 69 ±0. 19） vs. （ 0. 81 ±0. 15 ） ] . When they attended to the happy faces, the difference between the two groups was marginal significant （ P = 0. 062 ） . When they ignored the happy faces, the accuracies in the depressed group was significantly lower than that in the control group [ （0. 68 ±0.20） vs. （0. 80 ±0. 17） ; P = 0. 033 ] . The accuracies with the stimuli being presented for 500 ms was significantly higher than the accuracies with the stimuli being presented for 250ms and 375ms [ （0. 75 ±0. 03） vs. （0.68 ±0. 03）, （0. 69±0. 02） ; Ps 〈 0. 001 ] . There was no significant difference on the accuracies with the stimuli being presented for 250ms and 375ms （ P = 0. 950 ） . Conclusion： The emotional （ both positive and negative ） context may interfere with the cognitivecontrol processing, which may be related to the cognitive control impairment in the individuals with depressive emotion. The impaired cognitive control might, in turn, lead to deficits in processing positive emotional information, but almost no influence is found in processing negative emotional information.