衡观35小麦丰产稳产性分析及增产途径探讨

Analysis on High and Stable Yield and Yield Increasing Ways of Hengguan 35

对衡观35小麦6 a计90点次的区试和示范的丰产稳产性进行了分析,并对不同种植区域的增产途径进行了探讨。结果表明：（1）衡观35是1个矮秆大穗、抗病抗倒、高产广适型小麦品种,产量稳定在7 500~8 250 kg/hm2,并具有9 750~10 500 kg/hm2的产量潜力;（2）相关分析和通径分析结果表明,不同种植区域的产量结构不同,黄淮南片麦区三因素顺序为千粒重〉单位面积穗数〉穗粒数,冀中南麦区三因素顺序为穗粒数〉千粒重〉单位面积穗数;（3）单位面积有效穗数对产量的直接作用最大,在黄淮南片冬麦区、冀中南冬麦区通径系数分别为0.761 3和0.539 8;（4）在保证630万~675万穗/hm2群体结构的基础上,黄淮南片麦区主攻千粒重,冀中南麦区重点增加穗粒数,可发挥该品种的最大丰产潜力。

The high and stable yield of Hengguan 35 was analyzed,and the yield increasing ways were discussed.The results showed that it had the characteristics of big spike,short-stem,diseases resistance,lodging resistance,high quality and wide adaptability.It kept a stable yield of 7 500～8 250 kg/hm2,and had the yield potential of 9 750~10 500 kg/hm2.The results of correlation analysis and path analysis indicated that the yield components in different planting regions were different,those in the North of Yellow-Huai River area was 1 000-grain weightear number per unitgrain number per ear,and those in the South Centre of Hebei was grain number per ear1 000-grain weightear number per unit.The effective ear number per unit directly influenced the yield.The path coefficients of the North of Yellow-Huai River area and the South Centre of Hebei were 0.761 3 and 0.539 8,respectively.On the basis of 6.30×106-6.75×106 ears per hectare,the highest yield potential could be achieved by improving 1 000-grain weight and grain number per ear in the North of Yellow-Huai River area and the South Centre of Hebei,respectively.