连续3年稻草还田对烤烟产量品质及后茬晚稻产量影响

Effects of Rice Straw for Three Consecutive Years to the Yields and Qualities of Flue-cured Tobacco and Stalk Return Field Late Rice

在湘南烟稻轮作为主的优质烟叶生产基地,连续3年采用2种稻草还田方式,研究其烟田土壤速效养分变化动态和烟叶产量、品质及后茬作物晚稻产量的作用,取得良好效果。试验结果表明,稻草还田能明显提高土壤N、P、K速效养分含量,促进烟株对N、P、K养分的吸收利用。2种稻草还田方式比较,烟田土壤速效N、P、K释放量以稻草翻压≥稻草覆盖>CK。3年烟叶产量统计,稻草翻压、稻草覆盖分别比对照平均增产14.1%、8.0%,且第2年、第3年的效果优于第1年。烟叶内在成分基本趋向合理,上、中等烟叶比例达90%以上。后茬作物晚稻产量统计:常规稻产量,稻草翻压区与稻草覆盖区分别比对照平均增产83.3%、45.8%;杂交稻产量,稻草翻压区与稻草覆盖区分别比对照平均增产13.6%、12.3%。

In the tobacco-rice rotation district of southern Hunan, which is a high-quality tobacco leaf producing base, we achieve good results when using two kinds of rice straw to field methods for 3 consecutive years, to study the dynamics of soil available nutrients in tobacco fields, tobacco yield and quality, and late rice yield.The results show that rice straw to field can significantly increase soil available N, P, K nutrients, promote tobacco plants＇ absorption and utilization of N, P, K nutrients. Compare the two kinds of rice straw to field methods, the release of tobacco field soil available N, P, K is in this order： Rice Straw Turning Pressure ≥ Rice Straw Mulching〉Control. Three years tobacco yields statistics： Rice Straw Turning Pressure and Rice Straw Mulching yields increase 14.1% and 8.0% on average, when comparing to Control respectively; and the second and the third years＇ effects are better than the first year＇ s. The basic internal components of tobacco tend to be reasonable with 90% high and medium quality tobacco leaves. Late rice yields statistics： To conventional rice yield, Rice Straw Turning Pressure area and Rice Straw Mulching area＇ s yields increase 83.3% and 45.8% on average, when comparing to Control respectively. To hybrid rice yield, Rice Straw Turning Pressure area and Rice Straw Mulching area＇ s yields increase 13.6% and 12.3% on average, when comparing to Control respectively.