生态阈值理论的初步探究

Pilot Study of the Theory of Ecological Threshold

生态阈值现象普遍存在于自然生态系统中。在自然资源保护和生态系统可持续管理中,生态阈值起着重要的作用;作者简述了生态阈值的基本概念,以生态学和景观生态学理论为基础从不同尺度介绍了其研究应用;得出加强生态系统阈值的研究,不仅对维护生态系统稳定、预防和减少生态灾害、保护生物多样性等具有重要的意义,同时对建立经济可持续发展模式,研究和预防全球气候变暖等方面同样具有重要的指导作用。但是由于生态因子相互作用的复杂性,生态阈值的性质及其在不同空间尺度上的联系等方面仍然存在很大的不确定性;所以在未来的研究中必须加强综合研究,以进一步提高应用生态阈值的能力。

Ecological thresholds are ubiquitous in natural ecosystems. Research on ecological thresholds has important theoretical and practical meanings for natural resources conservation and sustainable ecosystem management. This article introduced the basic concept, and the research and application of the ecological threshold in different scales based on the theory of the ecology and the landscape ecology. Enhancing the research of the ecological threshold has great guiding effects on maintaining the stability of ecosystems, preventing and reducing the disasters, protecting the biodiversity, establishing the economic mode of sustainable development, and studying and preventing the global warming. Because of the complexity of the interaction of ecological factors, there is still great uncertainty about the nature of ecological thresholds and how they are related in different spatial scales. Comprehensive research methods must be taken in the future to improve our ability of making use of the theory of ecological threshold.