农村留守儿童心理行为发育状况配对研究

Investigation on mental health of raral left-behind and non-left-behind children in rural area of Hubei province

【目的】探讨农村留守和非留守儿童存在的心理行为问题及其影响因素,为开展农村留守儿童心理健康干预提供科学依据。【方法】采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取外出打工人群较多的3个县为调查现场,对同居住地、同性别、年龄相差±3个月的7岁以下农村留守与非留守儿童1:1配对,对调查对象进行心理测查。【结果】留守儿童心理健康状况较非留守儿童差,主要表现在同伴交往能力和亲社会行为方面(P<0.05)。【结论】农村留守儿童心理健康状况不容乐观,应加强农村儿童的身心健康管理,提高抚养人的监护意识和养育水平,合理利用社会资源填补留守儿童家庭教育的缺失。

[Objective] To investigate the mental health status of rural left-behind and non-Left-behind children, and exploring risk factors affecting their health status, so as to provide scientific evidence for undertaking preventive measures and putting forward effective intervention means. [Methods] Using the stratified cluster random sampling method to choose the sample, the pair condition was the same inhabited area, the same homogeneity, the age difference !3 months. The rate of paired rural left-behind and non-left-behind children was 1 ： 1. They were carried on the questionnaire survey and the psychological diagnosis. [Result] The mental health of the left-behind children were worse than the non-left-behind children, which performed in peer competence and prosocial behavior （P〈0.05）. [Conclusions] The rural children＇s physical/mental health status cause people concerns, especially the left-behind children＇s. The management of rural children ＇s mental health should be strengthened, and their guardians＇ awarenesses and skills of care should he enhanced, and rational use of kindergarten education be made to fill the remaining lack of family education of left-behind children.