嗜酸乳杆菌对住院老年患者抗生素相关性腹泻的预防作用研究

Research of the preventive effect of lactobacillus acidophilus on the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea of the elderly hospitalized patients

目的研究嗜酸乳杆菌对住院老年患者抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）的预防作用。方法在华东医院老年病科病房接受抗生素治疗的感染性疾病患者235例，随机分为干预组118例（男107例，女11例），平均年龄（83±8）岁和对照组117例（男108例，女9例），平均年龄（84±7）岁。干预组患者同时口服或鼻饲嗜酸乳杆菌胶囊700mg，每天2次，直到停用抗生素后第7天；对照组不采取任何干预措施。比较两组AAD释患率及临床类型的差异。结果干预组118例，发生AAD5例，罹患率4．2％；临床分型均为单纯腹泻型。对照组117例，发生AAD28例，罹患率23．9％；临床分犁包括单纯腹泻型、结肠炎型和假膜结肠炎型。两组罹患率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论老年住院患者是AAD的高发、高危人群。嗜酸乳杆菌胶囊对住院老年患者抗生素相关性腹泻有一定的预防作用。

Objective To study the preventive effect of lactobacillus acidophilus on the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea of elderly hospitalized patients. Methods 235 elderly inpatients of Huadong Hospital, which received antibiotic treatment for infectious diseases, were randomly distributed into study （n= 118） and control （n= 117） groups. Patients of antibiotic treatment group took capsule lactobacillus acidophilus （700 mg every time, 2 times each day） by oral or nasal feeding until 7 days after the antibiotic treatment finished, whereas the control group remained no treatment. The observation ended if diarrhea happened, and terminated 30 days after the antibiotic treatment. Results 5 cases with AAD were observed in the treatment group, which the incidence was 4.2%, and the clinical types were only simple diarrhea; 28 cases with AAD were observed in the control group, the incidence was 23.9%, and the clinical types included simple diarrhea, colitis and pseudo membranous colitig. There was significant statistical difference between these two groups （P〈0.0001） in the incidence s of AAD. Conclusions The elderly inpatients are the groups of high-occurrence and highrisk for AAD. The capsule lactobacillus acidophilus has preventive effect on the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea of elderly inpatients.